JAK1 is a member of protein-tyrosine kinases (PTK) characterized by the presence of a second phosphotransferase-related domain immediately N-terminal to the PTK domain. JAK1 bears all the hallmarks of a protein kinase, although its structure differs significantly from that of the PTK and threonine/serine kinase family members. JAK1 is a large, widely expressed membrane-associated phosphoprotein that is involved in the interferon-alpha/beta and -gamma signal transduction pathways. JAK1 plays an essential and nonredundant role in promoting biologic responses induced by a select subset of cytokine receptors, including those in which JAK utilization is thought to be nonspecific.
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